Contribute To The Development Of Sociology Philosophy Essay

Contribute To The Development Of Sociology Philosophy Essay There are so many events that already happened in past time in human life that gave a lot of contributions in development of sociology. According to thefreediciotnary.com, sociology means is the study of human social behavior, especially the study of the origins, organization, institutions, and development of human society. It also the analysis of a social institution or societal segment as a self-contained entity or in relation to society as a whole. Example of events that gave contribution in development of sociology, the invention of antibiotic in medicine field, invention of computer, invention of lamp, and some related. (Sociology, 2013) Invention of antibiotic are given great contribution in medicine field. Antibiotic is any of a variety of substances, usually obtained from microorganisms that inhibit the growth of or destroy certain other microorganisms. Name of antibiotic come from the word of antibiosis a term coined in years 1889 by Louis Pasteurs pupil Paul Vuillemin. It means life used to destroy another life. (Pearson Education, 2013) How it has help development in the human life? It has help who are get injured and infection of bacterial in the body of human. It is because of it function of broad antibacterial spectrum. It can killed majority of bacteria that has been founded by scientist. Another benefit of antibiotic will be have convenient dosing regimens. It means will not conflicts with other medicine that doctors will give together to patients for treat the patients sickness which caused by bacteria. It has make doctors more easy to open any medicine that can treat the sickness of the patients easily and accurate without hazardless. Besides that, antibiotic has low incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. It has help patients to reduce pains of gastrointestinal side effects whose are must have it. It also help lot of injured people that will not suffer from infection of bacteria. In current, many doctors are rely on antibiotic to treat any bacterial infection case on their patients. (Benefit of antibioti c, 2011) Invention of computer also bring a great contribution to development of sociology in this world. In year of 1983, the first programmable computer was invented by Konrad Zuse. The Z3. Few years later, microcomputers was invented which are more smaller in size and with 256 byte memory on it. Until today, computer has be revolution in so many times and size it become even more smaller than past time. It has consisted some many function and bigger memory which can storages many data and can be perform many functions compare to past time which only limited function that can be operated by the microcomputer. In today, most of us are rely on computer to do things. Such as remote control. It is part of the computer function. We just press whatever function that we desired on the remote control without go to the panel of the machines to press the function that we desired for. It has make human life more easier. Computer also help the human calculate the complex formulation of scientific calcu lation in short period of times. In past time, human used to be calculate using their psychical mind. It using quick long time to finish a complex calculation, not only that it might contain some error mistakes which can led the result become different compare with initially answer. With Invention of the computer, it might reduce the mistakes to the lowest level and it produce the accurate answers within the short period. Hence, human got a lot of benefits from invention of computers, it has change the human behavior that traditionally rely on their psychical ability to perform something compare now they are mostly rely on computer to perform anything that them desired. (Computer History, 2013) Invention of automobile are change lot of human in the life. As we know the first car that has been invented is using steam technology to put the car to move. Second improvement was using electrical method. Later, it change to use gasoline method to led the vehicle for moving around. (Automobile History, 2013) Even in current world, we still use gasoline method in the most of the vehicles in the world. How car has change the society? Firstly it has help people able to travel from one distance to another distance in short of period time. It compare to past time, the vehicles was using horse or cow to move around from one place to another place. It will cost more time to travel on the past time. Now, gasoline vehicles are more convenience and faster. It also become a bad behavior that human going to nearest market to purchase something, they more prefer to drive but nor walk by, although the distance are very short. Besides that, car has change human life become more easier by when you walk in a cold and freeze weather condition, car has heater to keep human body warm. In another word, in cold or freeze weather human still able to travel from one place to destination that them desired. Another benefits is the automobile has function to carry the goods, such as lorry. Last time, we use horse to transport the sand from one place to one place. But, now we use lorry to carry it. It became more faster. More weigh sand than lorry can travel compare to the horse. Horse need time and more foods to spend on. It also long period of time need to be use for horse transport the sand from one place to another place. If without automobile, your family will preferable not travel together will you. Basically, human are lazy to walked. Now, if you have car, and you want to travel somewhere, your family members will prefer to follow you if you invited them. In today, all human are prefer go anywhere by vehicles. It has be part of human behavior that go anywhere must drive together with vehicles. (How has cars change or improve peoples lives?, 2013) Invention of pen drive also has contribute to the development of human (sociology). The first pen drive has been invented by Pua Khein Seng, a Malaysian in nearly year 2000. (INDRAMALAR, 2009) Last time human used to be stored data in paper form. This method are not too environmental friendly. It is because human need to chop off so many trees just to produce one pieces of paper. If termites come and eat the paper which are store the important information, there gone of the important information. Another reason is data stored in paper form will occupied a bigger place to store it. Just imagine that a company store the accounting data into paper form, how big the place they need to be, if the data needed to store at least seven years and above for audition purpose. Few years later, the invented of floppy disc have improved those problems. But, it still has limitation. Floppy disc are big in size, not handy that can be bring to anywhere and the size of storage are lesser. Some more, da ta stored in floppy disc are not reliable. It only allow stored in certain limit time only. With invented of pen drive, the all problems that has mentioned in above has been fixed. How? Pen drive size are small and portable, hence it was easy to been carry to anyway that the user want to. Secondly, usage of pen drive are given human more convenience instead of storage data. A small handy pen drive can store many data as many compare to Floppy disc and also traditional way data printed in paper and filling according rack. Thirdly, it compared with floppy disc, data storage in pen drive will not easily missing compare to floppy disc which would have. It has make human can recheck the data record back into many years in easily in anywhere because the data can store in many years period. Compatibility of pen drive to any pc is the key that change human more prefer to pen drive usage than other method of store their data. Invention of light bulb by Thomas Edison, it has gave great contribution to the human society. In year 1879, he was using lower current electricity, a small carbonized filament, and an improved vacuum inside the globe to invent the light bulb. With those materials, he was able to produce a reliable, long-lasting source of light. Of course, he not try once then able to invent the light bulb. He has try so many time of experiments that he able success to invent the light bulb which we need in today life. (The Inventions of Thomas Edison, 2013) In this aspect, we can see the never give up attitude by Thomas Edison had become a lesson to the scientists that invent more things in our current daily life. The attitude had been influenced our that encourage us never been given up even you has failed so many times for perform something. In another aspect, the light bulb that been invented has become our need in our life. Almost all of us will feel suffer if there is not any light bulb work in our life, especially in night. Last time, we use candle light to light up for our daily usage especially in night. It was quite dangerous if we did not take any safety precaution. It will cause fire and burn out the whole houses. With light bulb, human are more easier that not need to take care so much it, just switch on and off whenever we want or do not want it. Without the light bulb, we cannot drive and even walk on the road. It is because all the street light are made from light bulk. Even the traffic light, we use light bulb to light up red, yellow and green light to indicate the car when to move and when to stop. In the future event, I believe that teleport will gave to great contribution to development of sociology. It will be great if human have it as a technology to transfer the humans from one point of the world into another point of the world. Example, human can use teleport as transportation purpose, from United States to Russia. Of course, there will be security issue on it. Well, I believe security issue can be settled by built customs within the teleports to control the flow of transportation. National Defense might can use teleport to transfer their soldiers to the place they need to go with. Such as, there is any terrorism attack in south of United States. Teleport can help to transfer the backup soldiers immediately to south of United States to defense and protect the terrorism expanding and controlling the situation which their objective are ultimate evil. Teleport also can transfer some important goods for the nation or the country itself. With invention of teleport, human life will change, they not more rely on helicopter to transport the things. They not more rely on airplane to travel from one place to another place. They not more rely on ship to ship something was important for them in cheaper cost. Another future event will bring great contribution to human society development is the space city. As we know, the land on earth are limited. If space city are able to be created, there will be paradise for human to be live there. The reason that paradise means human can be live there without any limitation of the lands. In earth, you have more money do not mean you can own the land, especially in Singapore which has limited resources in land. Secondly, human can learn how to live in space compare to the earth. There are several advantages for human to live in space compared to live in earth. Besides that, human live in space city that can explore more about the secret of the universal. They can go to another planet do some researches which maybe can discover the unlimited resources that can sustain our life. In earth, we have everything is sacred resources, such petroleum, coal, diamond and others related. Maybe in this exploration, we also can discover something is new and important which can gave lot of benefit in our life. Such as, we might discover some new form of energy that can be our electricity supply for unlimited usage and also not pollute the environment too. In space city, human has to live tend to be different compare in earth due to certain psychic reasons. It will change the human behavior, how their behave in normal daily life in space city. Food to be taken in space city will be different also, they might only need to eat a bean in a day which can gave enough energy and nutrition to they in daily life. In conclusion, we can see there are so many events that actually influence human or sociology. It also bring great contribution to sociology, just like today we have light bulb to light up our life in night. Of course, we do not denied there are bad side of the events too.

Literary criticism †feminism

From the very point of creation, God made no difference between man and woman – both of them were humans, created in His own image, who had to reflect the beauty of heavens on the earth and share their love with the Creator and each other. Both Adam and Eve had to work in the Garden of Eden and take care of it.Disregarding the fact that Adam was created first, Eve was made as a helper, suitable for him, as a conscious and responsible personality. In the second chapter of the book of Genesis, we read that God gave all commands to Adam only, so he was responsible to retell them to Eve that she could fully understand the will of God and fulfill the commandments properly. She was made for Adam to help him, and apart from all other creatures, was called â€Å"flesh of my flesh and bone of my bones† (Gen. 2:23); therefore, they both belonged to each other and supplemented each other. Keeping their individuality, Adam and Eve, at the same time, formed a new unity, and this com munity was so self-valuable, that for its sake â€Å"shall a man leave his father and his mother† (Gen. 2:24).On the other hand, we can see the God’s order in the family: God – man – woman. As a leader in the family, Adam, at the same time, was subordinate to God, and both man and woman were subjected to the sovereign power of Almighty God. And only after their fall, the Lord God made a clear distinction between man and woman: â€Å"thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee† (Gen.3:16b). This leading role of man is proven by the fact that Eve had fallen into temptation first, consequently breaking the God’s order on the earth. Yet, man must take the main responsibility. But if the core predestination of man isâ€Å"Literary Criticism – Feminism†work, woman is predetermined to bare children, be a mother, which is bound to pain and sufferings. Being in subordination, which was based on love, the fall of man has shifted it to the dominance of man over woman. But one should remember that it was not a new covenant of God, but rather a direct result of the fall.Since considering first of all the interests of man, who was permitted to have several wives, in the marriage husband had more freedom, comparing to wife. For example, one of the Ten Commandments claims that â€Å"thou shalt not covet thy neighbour’s wife† (Ex. 20:17), for this kind of adultery was interpreted as criminal offence on the property of another man (wife is mentioned in this text between such things as house, ox, servant). Only in Deuteronomy the same text gives wife a separate place in the list of man’s belongings. The consequences for the adultery also differed depending on the social status of woman:death to man found with a married woman;trespass offering for maidservant;marriage or money penalty for a maid.â€Å"Literary Criticism – Feminism†Such strict regulations were called to p revent divorces; yet the adultery was widespread and was mostly noted in Proverbs. The offering of jealousy (offering of memorial) testified about the male privileges: man could demand this offering if he had the slightest, even groundless, suspicion as to his wife’s behavior (water could either cause the curse or not). Men were not subjected to this test.Divorce was also a sole prerogative of man. According to Deuteronomy 24:1, he had the right to divorce with his wife, if â€Å"he hath found some uncleanness in her†. This regulation assumes a number of interpretations: if in the beginning it was enabled only in cases of wife’s bad behavior, then, in the course of time, the bill of divorcement was given to man if his wife caused the slightest displeasure.For her whole life, woman was dependant: first from father, later – from husband, and, finally, – from son, with the exception of widows, whose children were under age. This position primarily gua ranteed her the sense of security. Disregarding the savage customs (Lot, who was eager to give his two daughters to sodomites – Gen. 19:8, Levite, who gave his concubine to the men of the city – Judges 19:24-26) that were caused by the fall, women in Israel had deserving and full life, they were loved and respected by their men (1-Sam. 1:5,8) and children (Ps. 35:14) and were honored with public acknowledgement and praise (Proverbs 5:18, 12:4, 18:22; Eccl. 9:9).In Israel, woman held better position, comparing to other Orient nations. Women and maids of the Old Testament could freely and unconstrainedly take part in social affairs and amenities. Sara, though she called Abram as â€Å"master†, nevertheless, had persuaded him to take a concubine (Gen. 16:1-4). Rebecca had not veiled herself until she met Isaac (Gen. 24:64). Jacob greeted Rachel with a kiss before the shepherds (Gen. 29:11). Women participated in public celebrations, the songs of Miriam, Deborah, an d Hannah (Ex. 15:20, 21;â€Å"Literary Criticism – Feminism†Judges 5 chapter, 1-Samuel 2:1-10) prove the highly developed intellectual faculties. Israeli women of the Old Testament also held official positions, such as the prophetesses Miriam, Huldah and Noadiah, and Deborah, the prophetess, who judged Israel.As a wife, mother and mistress, women are depicted in the most attractable manner. Heathenism cannot show the portrait of the woman that is described in Proverbs, chapter 31. Israel was the first one, who was taught by God to look at mother’s heart, as the likeness of God’s heart: â€Å"can a woman forget her sucking child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? Yea, they may forget, yet will I not forget thee† (Is. 49:15). The Law of Israel had lifted woman from that humbled state she was in heathenism. Yet, along with respect and honor, Bible gives us plain call to beware of foolish (Prov. 14:1), brawling, angry (Prov. 2 1:9, 19) and fair women without discretion (Prov. 11:22).First of all, woman was called to carry out duties of mother and mistress of the house. In these issues, man totally relied on her. In the house, woman could work and make decisions independently; she could manage her servants, who could belong directly to her (Gen. 16:1, 6; 29:24, 1-Sam. 25:42). Her primary responsibility was to raise children, at that mother’s covenant was equal to father’s admonitions (Prov. 1:8, 6:20). Women’s wisdom was highly valued and honored (Prov. 14:1, 31:26). Returning to Bethlehem, Naomi had the right to own the property of her husband (Ruth 4:3, 9), just as daughters had a part in father’s inheritance (Numb. 27:1-11), and Shunammite, the widow, was restored her house and field (2 Kings 8:1-6).  In contrast to men, women were not obliged to worship in the tabernacle regularly (Ex. 23:17), however, they brought the instructed sacrifices personally; they participated in celebrations and took portions of offerings. Women from priests’ families could eat offerings of the holy things; women and girls were praising the Lord with their dances and songs (Ex.15:20. Moreover, God gives especial revelations to women: the Lord has revealed the future of her sons to Rebecca – â€Å"two nations are in thy womb †¦ and the elder shall serve the younger† (Gen. 25:22, 23); Manoah’s wife was the first to receive the news about a son – â€Å"and the angel of the Lord appeared unto the woman† (Judges 13:3); along with prophets, women were used by God to reveal His will to Israel, Miriam was the first mentioned prophetess, and â€Å"Deborah, a prophetess, she judged Israel† (Judges 4:4).So, analyzing all the texts and the mentioned above, we see that there is no single opinion, regulation and voice in Bible verses, regarding to women. Yet, one text gives us clear explanation to this issue: â€Å"In those days the re was no king in Israel: every man did that which was right in his own eyes† (Judges 21: 25). From human side, we had seen the difference in male attitudes towards women: in some cases that were regarded as property, in others, as humans equal or with the same social rights. Sometimes, they were treated like a thing, but, in contrast, women’s wisdom, beauty, love and meekness are considered as the greatest gifts from God to men.Anyway, in all these texts, it is obvious that â€Å"My thoughts are not your thoughts, nether are your ways My ways, saith the Lord† (Is. 55:8). Due to the fall, thoughts and ways of men were perverted and devil is still making everything possible to make them wickeder; therefore, sinless relations between man and woman were totally changed, but God still looks at them the same way – the way they should be. Angels, sent to women first, prophetess, chosen to tell the will of God, offerings, brought by women – prove that God can use them, just like men, and sometimes, women were holding the same positions, even not taking into account that God is looking at Israel, as to His children, disregarding the gender, as the whole community of children of God. Therefore, the sole contrast between men’s and God’s attitude towards women lies in the notion that the fall of man brought the difference in the world and human’s perception of woman’s role in the society.Works Cited:Holy Bible, King James Version. Plume, 1974.

Support the Rights and Safety of Children and Young People

1. Paula may feel she is stupid, worthless and alone. Paula may feel like running away to escape what she is going through because she believes no one understands what she is going through or that no one will believe her story. Paula may feel sometimes killing herself is another way out. She is probably scared what her father would do to her if she told someone or what everyone else would think of her. Paula more than likely believes it her fault, no one will believe her, no one will understand, she feel all alone and she just wants to feel like a normal teenager.2. – Self- destructive behaviour e.g. drug dependency, suicide attempts and self- mutilation. Anorexia or over- eating Sexual knowledge or behaviour inappropriate for the child’s age Bruising or bleeding in genital area Bruising to the breasts, bottom, lower abdomen or thighs Adolescent pregnancy Persistent running away from home  ¾. – use a calm, reassuring voice Give support to the child by demonstra ting that you believe their story Provide comfort, verbally and agreed appropriate physical contact Do not express negative suggestions such as judgement, doubt or shock Be honestBe professional as possible Let them talk at their own pace, no interruptions, silence Make notes that are relevant to the situation Tell the child it’s not their fault and they did the right thing by tell someone Tell them it is never okay for adults to harm children Let them know what happens now Inform people who can help assist the child Tell them it’s okay to be concerned about what will happen5. Paula may become pregnant, she may run away from home, she may harm herself or attempt to commit suicide, Paula may turn to alcohol and or drugs, Abuse may to her to hurting her father or other people and she may also turn to abuse later in life and do it to someone else.6. a) – find a private place to talk – Tell Anna it’s okay and none of this is her fault – let Anna talk at her own pace, do not interrupt or be judgemental – Ask questions to clarify information – use a calm, reassuring voice and talk at the child’s development level – tell Anna you believe her story – keep emotions under control – offer support – take note during if its okay with the Anna if not after the disclosure ïÆ' ¼B) – Don’t ask questions that may make Anna feel guilty or inadequate – try and find proof of Anna’s story – don’t say you won’t tell anyone or that everything will be okay now – don’t express doubt, judgement or shock – don’t draw conclusions, engage others in discussion or accuse parents – don’t tell people that don’t need to know Anna’s disclosure only people that can help Anna. – don’t talk about your personal feelings about Anna’s story in front of her ïÆ' ¼7. – Anna needâ₠¬â„¢s immediate help, talk to someone that can help her – She needs support – Anna needs someone she can trust and talk too8. In this case study there are 3 forms of abuse. Sexual abuse, physical abuse and emotional abuse.9. The children’s rights in this case study are that by law we have to provide Anna and Paula with the freedom and opportunities to express their views and that by law must consider their views in a meaningful way. Anna and Paula have the right to participate in decision making about their  future.This means that Anna and Paula must be given where possible the opportunity to express their views freely and those views are taken into consideration when decisions about their future are being made. There for organisations that work with children and young people need to listen to what children and young people say and taking their views into account in design, development and delivery of services and policies.10. I would talk to the supervisor ag ain but express my views and concerns strongly. I would talk to her about ethics and that you cannot ignore indicators of risk of harm as well as by law you have to obey the child’s rights and consider their views or stories seriously and in a meaningful way. I would hold off on the report but closely monitoring Anna and privately say to her that she can talk to me about anything anytime. I would look for indicators of risk of harm and if I did see signs I would then talk to Anna about it and if need be from there take things to the supervisor again and then formally make a report.11. Monitor Anna closely look for and signs she is being harmed, I would continue talking to Anna and building trust between each other and when I believe I’ve seen or heard enough I would discuss the situation strongly to my supervisor then make a decision from there.12. Go over the evidence you have and the recordings you made, multiple times until you’re highly satisfied that you ha ve a strong case to take to your supervisor. You always have to take every allegation seriously and examine it thoroughly before taking it further.

The No Child Left Behing Act - 1259 Words

Introduction The Bush administration, as well as others, hoped to close achievement gaps and bring all children up to a higher standard. In order to do this, No Child Left Behind (NCLB) was enacted with the hope of an extreme education reform. It requires strict accountability and assessments for schools. This was done without proper funding and expectations that are difficult for schools and students to reach. This act caused many problems in schools rather than fixing the problems that already existed. Policy Formulation The Social Problem Many United States children are failing in the public schooling system. Students are dropping out at alarming rates and those who stay are not properly prepared for college and careers. There are vast achievement gaps leaving children behind that are minorities, come from low income families, are disabled, and are English learning (U.S. Department of Education). These problems are apparent to teachers, parents, students, employers, and society as a whole. This will leave the United States with a workforce that is not properly educated or trained for the jobs available. This ideology that all children regardless of income, minority, or disability should be able to receive a quality education to prepare them for college and careers. One of the biggest causes of this achievement gap is unequal funding. Poor, minority children are typically educated in urban schools that receive less funding than schools in suburban areas that educateShow MoreRelatedCompare Plath and Larkin3241 Words   |  13 Pagesmiddle flowing. The women in the shops are detached from the Wild white face inside the ambulance. The third stanza all ends with punctuation, excluding the first line. This one exception is very isolated within the stanza as it is the only line left to flow. The flow emphasizes that the solving emptiness is not an obvious encounter which we face every day. The â€Å"solving emptiness†, a description of death, lies just under all we do, not exposed. Moreover, Plath employs and uses unique languageRead MoreThe Federal Republic of Nigeria Essay5255 Words   |  22 Pageson gender issues in Northern Nigeria and states that In Nigeria, women’s right to be elected to the secular central government is being challenged in the name of Islam and as a result, Hausa women of Muslim faith in Northern Nigeria are being left far behing, compared with their sisters from the South (p. 9). Adamu (no date) states that, Interpretations of religions throughout, including Islam, have been used as grounds for refusing women their rights as individuals (p. 9). Further, Adamu (noRead MoreLiterature and Language10588 Words   |  43 Pagesthe sentence are put together. However, in the following verse from a poem, the grammatical structure seems to be much more challenging, and makes more demands on our interpretative processing of these lines: ex.9-2 Four storeys have no windows left to smash But in the fifth a chipped sill buttresses Mother and daughter the last mistresses Of that black block condemmed to stand, not crash. The sentence in line 2 of this verse that starts with But in the

The Number One System to Use for How to Write Term Papers Exposed

The Number One System to Use for How to Write Term Papers Exposed Now it's your choice to quit reading and begin writing! Before beginning any writing assignment it's crucial that you get accustomed to the necessary formatting for writing a term paper. Writing an essay is a rather easy and very tough job, at the exact moment. Browsing our essay writing samples can offer you a sense whether the standard of our essays is the quality you're looking for. Some people today claim they can write a term paper with no planning. A best term paper should be of not more then 8 to ten pages which clearly demonstrate that you a student should be very clear and precise regarding the subject of their term paper. A prudent student does not need to cover a sample paper. True, such sort of assignment for a term paper takes a scrupulous strategy, time and confidence that you're doing it right. Thesis to order is a great solution in any circumstance. After all, the very first thing you will need is to analyze the subject of the work and the center of the subject. The largest example of plant adaptation, nevertheless, is found in a one of a kind succulent, more commonly called the cactus. The Advantages of How to Write Term Papers Many students struggle in regards to writing an introduction part. The thesis is a responsible and serious scientific work, which is quite difficult to write for individuals who don't have sufficient time. There are a lot of reasons why students may wind up not finishing their papers in time. Term papers are a sort of research paper that students are expected to write at the conclusion of their semester term. The How to Write Term Papers Cover Up You've got to compose a term paper. The important thing to remember at any research paper is that it's based upon an hourglass structure. When you're writing your research paper's introduction, you ought to be building it around a particular outline that gives a general review of the paper. Writing a great term paper isn't an easy takes. Title Page There are various procedures of creating a term paper title page the same as bibliography like MLA or APA. Sample papers will provide you with important advice on how to structure your APA format term paper. A term paper formatted in the APA style attempts to demonstrate something which is already shown to be true and it must be cited before or present perfect tense. Understanding what a fantastic APA format is created up is the trick to producing a good paper. The Importance of How to Write Term Papers The paper should describe the method by which the organization interacts with the general public. This term paper guidelines provide directions about how to finish a respective assignment excellently. No matter this issue, our term paper guideand expert articles will offer you the info you require. Making an outline is the ideal way keep your writing consistent and guarantee that it covers all the necessary information. Your paper includes several things, but the info you provide about your study is going to be addressed in each one of the sections in diverse ways. You're able to add more sections if required but sometimes it could be redundant, particularly if you lack data to fill the extra sections. Resource materials can be gotten from books or the world wide web. Details of How to Write Term Papers Some of the greatest research paper introduction samples incorporate primary resources supporting the argument or research of the issue. Nevertheless, in the event the research is on social sciences, for instance, you will likely have to incorporate a review of the older literature to reveal the history of the specific subject. You might have finished the very best research project on earth but if you don't make an interesting and well laid out paper, then nobody will take your findings seriously. The research problem does not need to be a statement, but must at least imply what it is you're at tempting to find. The expression paper is the consequence of a close reading of numerous academic, scientific, and statistical sources on a certain topic. Based on your topic you may choose to require the scientific report style or literature review styles, or a mix of the two. Whenever you have researched on a specific topic, you're expected to use a particular citation style. You can get the essential information on nearly every topic (at the very least a couple of paragraphs), with which you are able to work so as to compose a very good essay.

A Brief Note On Physician Assisted Suicide ( Pas )

Physician-assisted suicide (PAS) has fueled a lot of debate ever since it was first legalized in Oregon in 1997. PAS is when a doctor prescribes a medication that the patient can use to end their life. Washington legalized PAS in March of 2009, but only saw 255 individuals in 2012 who acquired the medication necessary to end their life from their doctor, resulting in only 24 of those patients using the prescription (McBride 45). It is debatable whether or not PAS should be seen as the equivalent to the suicide that we have labeled as immoral and have tried to prevent while others also question whether PAS is a reasonable solution to the suffering that terminally ill patients are inevitably being put through. I believe PAS should not be legalized in any other state and should, therefore, become illegal in the four states which now allow it and instead train their doctors to provide better palliative care for their patients. To begin, individuals who agree with PAS support their ar gument by focusing on the suffering that the patient would no longer have to go through. Supporters have called it the â€Å"right-to-die movement† and are concentrating on informing the public that people who are suffering due to their terminal illness have the right to die and would have, what they have deemed as, a death with dignity (Lachman 121). PAS has gained names which reflect it in a positive light such as â€Å"right to die, good death, rational suicide, aid in dying, and merciful release†Show MoreRelatedEuthanasia Is The Other Form And It Takes Place Against The Patient s Consent1005 Words   |  5 Pagesand it takes place against the patient’s consent. Finally, non-voluntary euthanasia is whereby a physician carries out the act despite the fact that the patient does not have the ability to make the decision. To understand the slippery slope here, it is important to take note of the fact that all these forms of euthanasia are morally demeaning sin ce they do not uphold the right to life. Legalizing PAS would, therefore, imply that the right to life is being violated. It also dehumanizes patients andRead MoreThe Death Of Euthanasia And Euthanasia3752 Words   |  16 Pagesdeath against their will or without asking. This form of euthanasia is usually only brought up in slippery slope arguments and at the level of social policy. Physician assisted suicide is similar to active euthanasia and usually supported on the same grounds, except in the former, it is the patient who â€Å"kills†, while in the later, it is the physician who â€Å"kills† (6). Before assessing the morality of such practices, we should take a look at some common arguments. 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A journey was made to Glasgow and then back to London in the late fall of 1815 when Edgar was sent back to ScotlandRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 PagesC—Miscellaneous Improvements TITLE III—PROMOTING PRIMARY CARE, MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES, AND COORDINATED CARE TITLE IV—QUALITY Subtitle A—Comparative Effectiveness Research Subtitle B—Nursing Home Transparency Subtitle C—Quality Measurements Subtitle D—Physician Payments Sunshine Provision Subtitle E—Public Reporting on Health Care-Associated Infections TITLE V—MEDICARE GRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION TITLE VI—PROGRAM INTEGRITY †¢HR 3962 IH VerDate Nov 24 2008 12:56 Oct 30, 2009 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Read MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 Pagesdevelopment pipeline and discusses shareholder return in the form of dividends and share price movements. 58 60 64 69 71 74 84 91 94 96 101 Financial statements Directors’ statement of responsibilities Independent Auditors’ report Financial statements Notes to the ï ¬ nancial statements Financial statements of GlaxoSmithKline plc prepared under UK GAAP 102 103 104 109 188 Shareholder information Quarterly trend Five year record Product development pipeline Share price and dividends Nature of tradingRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 PagesSHIFTS Projections of the growth and decline in jobs illustrates the economic and employment shifts currently occurring. 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Leadership Skills Of The Steve Jobs And The Management Skills Of The T

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Skills Of The Steve Jobs And The Management Skills Of The Tim Cook. Answer: Differentiation between Leadership and Management Leaders (Steve Jobs) Managers (Tim Cook) Steve Jobs was an active and curious person and he was quite good at planning and organizing the activities. As Tim Cook has overtaken the position of the founder of Apple INC., he has shown his skills and talent in order to support the existing employees of the organization so that Apple INC.[1] could attain outstanding growth in the business environment. Steve Jobs was a personality with various solutions for a single issue. When Apple INC. was at the diminishing stage, he was the person who showed his unique skills to manufacture ultimate electronic consumer goods and gadgets.[2] Due to this Apple INC. is enjoying huge success today. While evaluating the qualities of Tim Cook and Steve Jobs, they both are exceptional for their places. Today, Apple INC. is at the peak place but still, it suffers from various issues but Tim Cook has the ability to resolve those issues quickly so that organizations performance does not get affected. Steve Jobs was so motivating and it gets proved with his abilities which could be seen from the Apple Inc.s performance. He was a college dropout and at a very less age, he started building computers with the help of his two friends. Tim Cook has taken the responsibility of Apple Inc. on his shoulders to maintain the companys worth and position in the market. Power bases used by Leaders Under this scenario, a number of power bases being used by the Steve Jobs in his career in order to take the Apple INC. on the next level. Coercive Power: This is the technique which is used to turn someones decision in the same direction in which leader wants to. Threatening and punishment techniques are also being used in order to change the existing employees decision in manner leader wants.[3] Legitimate Power: These are the powers which are available to the leader at a certain stage only. As Steve Jobs was the founder, CEO as well as the leader of Apple Inc., he was available with these powers and these powers are also used to influence the employees of the organization to work in the same direction which is shown to them. [4] Reward Power: This technique is quite common in these days as some type of incentives; bonus or extra income is being provided to the employees for performing in an appropriate manner. Expert Power: This influences the employees to follow the path shown by the expert with great knowledge and skills. As the expert of Apple Inc. was Steve Jobs, hence; he was the person for showing adequate way to its employees in order to attain the desired goal and the objectives. Characteristics of an effective leader and limitation While evaluating the characteristics of Mr. Steve Jobs, the following are some of the primary points which make him as an effective leader: Steve Jobs was the person with very bright and positive vision and he was having the great power to influence the people towards his ideas and thoughts. As a result, today Apple INC. is ranked on the peak position in consumer electronic goods. [5] As per the person based theories of leadership, trait theory, behavioural theory, contingency theory, etc. are being included. As per the trait theory, an effective leader should be filled with self-confidence, honesty towards his work, intelligence, energy, etc. Reviewing the qualities of Steve Jobs, all these qualities were present in his nature. Due to this, they are known as an effective and efficient leader. While behavioural theorys components describe that an effective leader should have the behaviour of a leader as this helps him to lead the team efficiently. Apart from this, leader gets more effective with experiences. Steve Jobs does this too, as he was not the part of his own company but afterward, he was given the command to run the company and with his innovation skills and talent, he introduces various electronic goods continuously and this helps the organization to attain the peak position in the global market. He was the founder of Apple INC. and he made the first pc-computer with his extraordinary skills. He was the person with adequate qualities and amongst them, selling his own ideas in the market was the most effective one which proves him as the effective leader. Along with the visions, ideas, and skills, Steve Jobs was known for implementing those in the correct manner in order to attain the adequate results. [6] Limitations There are number of limitations available under person-based theories of leadership, some are: Relationship between the leader and his subordinates is the biggest limitation because it directly affects the performance of the whole team. Not taking the advice of subordinates in decision making and this does not build efficient interaction between the teammates which does not extract adequate results for the organization. [7] Different Leadership Qualities Leadership qualities should be unique in order to attend the unique types of situations. As per the situational theories of leadership, style of leading the team should be relevant as per the situation and the task. Below are the leadership styles as per the situations: In early 1975, Wozniak was the co-founder of Apple INC. and he was capable enough to manufacture effective computers. Being an effective leader, Steve Jobs recognised his marketing potential and he influenced Wozniak to perform the same functionalities with him. As the result, it was the first achievement of Apple and they raised $1,350 in the same year. Afterwards, the second PC was launched in 1977 and it was the biggest revolutionary era of PC. This helps the organization to generate $200 million within 2 years. This shows the self-confidence of the Steve Jobs and the quality of supporting and influencing his friend, shows his leadership qualities related to situation. [8] Another situation shows his self-confinement and the unique leadership style. In 1983, conflicts occurred between the Steve Jobs and the board of directors of Apple INC. It was the current CEO of Apple at that time John Sculley and he was the CEO of PepsiCo prior to this. Steve Jobs asked him to join the Apple saying Do you want to produce and sell sugared water in rest of your life or you want a chance to change the world? Ironically, he was the primary reason for Jobs removal from his own company and he quitted Apple INC. in 1985. Outside of Apple, Jobs diverted his attention towards the Pixar Animations Studios and he also founded a rival firm as NeXT which is a computer manufacturing firm.[9] On the other hand, Apples market share was rapidly decreasing and due to this, they took over the NeXT computers and hired Jobs as an advisor consultant of the company. After his appointment, he resurrected Apple with his unique leadership styles and innovations and Apple got its lost positi on in the global market again. This shows the quality of self-confidence of Jobs and his style of his leadership which helped the company to regain its lost position. Dispersed Theories of leadership Substitute Leadership: Under this technique, leader reduces or enhances his efforts as per the workplaces characteristics. It helps the leader to neutralize his efforts in the workplace. Self-Leadership: This theory explains the influencing capability of a leader. Leader needs to assign the task to his subordinates in order to get the work done in an effective manner.[10] Both these skills were present in the Steve Jobs as he was capable enough to get the work done from others in the same manner as per his requirements. Exchange Theories of Leadership Transactional Leadership: These are the leaders who use power bases to influence its subordinates as well as the other employees of the organization to get the work done. Steve Jobs was one of them and now Tim Cook is also following the same path in order to maintain the Apple INC.s market position across the global market.[11] Jobs used to execute all the strategies of rewards and punishment for influencing the employees to perform. [12] Transformational Leadership: This theory describes the relevant changes needed in the workplace in order to obtain the adequate results. Steve Jobs was the biggest example of practising this type of leadership style as he used to take all his teammates and employees along with him to analyse the requirement of the consumers and the organization. After analysing the demand, necessary changes were also implemented in order to gain the adequate results. [13] Authentic Leadership: Authentic leaders believe in self-concepts and they are quite positive in nature. Steve Jobs and the Tim Cook, both these personalities are quite positive in their work fields. Apart from this, adaptation of the authentic leadership style helps the leader to build effective relationship between the subordinates in order to gain the subsequent outcomes. [14] Application of authentic leadership style will result in positive manner for every organization as, under this style, leaders are quite positive as well as they are capable enough in building and maintaining appropriate relationship between the followers, subordinates with the employers. Team performance and the individual performance can also be enhanced with the implementation of authentic leadership style within the workplace. [15] From the above discussion with regards to the leadership skills used by the Steve Jobs co-founder of Apple Inc., it can be concluded that he was the person with appropriate knowledge and skills which enough commence business operations and taking the organization to the next level. His self-confidence, qualities, talent and visions are the primary objectives of Steve Jobs and these should be present in an effective leader. After Steve Jobs, Tim Cook has managed all the functionalities of the organization in an appropriate manner which proves him as an effective manager. Hence, it is quite fair to say that, Steve Jobs was a great leader and Tim Cook is a great manager. Bibliography Aaker, D.A. Joachimsthaler, E., 2012, Simon and Schuster, Brand leadership. 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Mulla, Z.R., 2013, Leader Motives, Impression Management, and Charisma: A Comparison of Steve Jobs and Bill Gates,Management and Labour Studies,vol. 38 (3), pp.155-184. Shah, T. Mulla, Z.R., 2013, Leader Motives, Impression Management, and Charisma: A Comparison of Steve Jobs and Bill Gates,Management and Labour Studies,vol. 38 (3), pp.155-184. Isaacson, W., 2012, The real leadership lessons of Steve Jobs,Harvard business review,vol. 90 (4), pp.92-102. Northouse, P.G., 2015,Sage publications, Leadership: Theory and practice. Northouse, P.G., 2017,Sage Publications, Introduction to leadership: Concepts and practice. Purdy, G., 2010, ISO 31000: 2009setting a new standard for risk management,Risk analysis, 30 (6), pp.881-886.